ܛܒܲܪܙܳܐ ṭbrzʾ ṭḇarzā axe
Reborrowing: ܛܒܪܙܝܢ ṭbrzyn. Allotrope: ܬܒܪ tbr axe (only listed in PS Suppl.)
NP tabar-zīn battle-axe (usually fixed to the saddle); cf. NP tabar-zan striking with a hatchet; a wood-cutter (Steingass 279); NP tabar, tavar axe, hatchet (Steingass 279 and 339; Horn 84); Horn compares NP tabar, tavar with MP tabrag (not recorded in CPD nor in Nyberg) and Arm. LW tapar axe (← Persian, Hübschmann AG 252, no. 648); see also ManMP and ManParth. tbr /tabar/ axe (Durkin-Meisterernst 2004, 323). — Arab. LW ṭabar axe (cf. Eilers 1971, 612); see also Russ. topor id. Syr. ṭbrzʾ may be an adapted loanword of NP tabar-zīn or tabar-zan, whereas ṭbrzyn is the unadapted one (probably a casual: see § 6) ● ṭbrzʾ BA 4160; BB 787, 1; ṭbrzyn BB 1574, 19; tbr BB 1744 ◆ LS 268a; Duval index pers. 222; PS Suppl. 339
The IE name for "axe" is *pelk̂u-, to which trace back Gr. πέλεκυς (Frisk II 497), OInd. paraśú- (Turner 1966, no. 7799h), and OP *paraθu-. This latter form, according to Abaev 1958–1979, 451, entered into Ossetic (færæt) and Tocharian (Toc. A porat, B peret). Abaev cit. holds that a metathesis took place, although its conditions cannot be well defined, from *parta to *tapar; from this metathesized form would derive NP tabar, and the other forms borrowed from Persian, namely Arm. tapar (wrongly Abaev records Arm. thaphar), Turk. teber, Russ. topor, etc. In my opinion, Abaev's explanation seems too complex, and does not rule out the possibility that the Semitic verbal root TBR (Syr. tbr, Arab. ṭbr to break; cf. LS 815a) is in some way involved here.