ܒܺܝܪܰܓ byrg biraḡ galbanum
The form of this hapax is unclear. Duval index pers. 214, lists it as the same word as NP bīrzad, bērzad iron-filings, solder, galbanum; NP bīrza, bērza; bīrzay, bērzay galbanum (Steingass 219); NP bārzad a gum, benzoin or benjamin (ibid. 142), and NP parzad a drug resembling gum (ibid. 242). The NP forms seem to be compounds whose second element is -zad (< MP, NP zadan to strike etc.), whereas Syr. byrg, if it is not corrupted, seems to reflect an autonomous derivative of the first element of the compound, which probably may be compared with NP bīr the fruit of the jujube tree (Steingass 219). NP bīr is a loanword from an Indian word with many botanic menings, namely Skr. bádara- the jujube tree, Zizyphus jujuba and its edible fruit; the kernel of the fruit of the cotton plant; dried ginger; the cotton shrub and its berry or fruit; a species of Dioscorea; Mimosa octandra; Clitoria ternatea (Monier-Milliams 1899, 719; Turner 1966, no. 9125). See also Laufer 1919, 363–366 ● BB 894, 17; Löw 163 ◆ LS 69b