ܐܰܢܐܰܫܐܰܕܽܘܪ nʾšʾdwr anašaḏur; ܐܢܘܫܕܘܪ ʾnwšdwr sal ammoniac
Allotropes: ܐܢܫܐܕܪ ʾnšʾdr; ܢܫܐܕܪ nšʾdr; ܢܘܫܐܕܪ nwšʾdr
MP *anōš-ādur; NP nawšādur sal ammoniac, used in tinning and soldering (Steingass 1434); NP, Arab. nušādir, nišādir sal ammoniac (ibid. 1402); Sogd. nwšʾʾtr id.; Arm. LW anušadr; Russ. LW našatyr’ ammoniac; Chinese LW nao-ša sal ammoniac, chloride of sodium. On the origin and use of sal ammoniac see Laufer 1919, 503–506. According to Gignoux 1998–1999, 200, the literal meaning of Syr. ʾnwš(w)dwr may be "fire antidote, immortal fire" or "sweet fire" and apparently it must not be confused with NP nošdārū treacle, antidotes of every kind (Steingass 1434). Gignoux points out that PS Suppl. 208 quotes only Budge I, 555, 21, where the word is written nwšdr. This makes it difficult to decide if the second element of the compound, in Syriac script -dr / -dwr, represents MP dārūg > NP dārū remedy, or ādur fire. — Talm. Aram. nšdwr sal ammoniac (Telegdi 249, 100; p. 219: loanword not preceding the Sasanian period) ● ʾnʾšʾdwr Med 89, 14; 161, 23; 30, 6; BB 297, 2; ʾnšʾdr; nšʾdr; nwšʾdr Duv B 2 pass. Sb ZA 12, 158, 5 ◆ LS 31b; 451a; PS Suppl. 24; 208; 219; Duval index pers. 227